Desenvolvimento e caracterização de membranas de poli(ɛ-caprolactona) eletrofiadas e modificadas com heparina e ácidos graxos essenciais para aplicação biomédica.

Abstract

This search highlights the development of a polymeric membrane modified with sodic heparin (HS) and essential fatty acids (AGE) using the electrospinning technique, for application on skin lesions, such as burns. There is a great economic and social appeal in relation to the acceleration of wound healing, therefore, it is essential to develop and investigate methods and / or materials that reduce financial costs, especially for public hospitals. The research in question is granted and articulates, concomitantly, in the application of the material produced by this project together with a clinical study of the Postgraduate Program in Surgery PPGRACI / UFAM. The articulation between the areas, Materials Engineering and Medicine is a very important aspect of this work because it gives rise to interdisciplinarity, and even calls into question the technical contribution of each area in the construction of a scientific knowledge for the benefit of society. The general objective of this study is to electrophyte and characterize poly (ɛ - caprolactone) membranes modified with HS and AGE. For this, electrophorized membranes containing maximum concentration of HS and AGE were prepared and sterilized at room temperature using ozone. Microbiological tests in culture media were performed to prove the effectiveness of sterilization. The morphological characterization of the membranes was performed using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) technique. Studies of the contact angles of the surface of the membranes obtained from the wettability test were carried out. Membranes were also characterized by spectroscopy in the infrared region with Fourier transform (FT-IR), as well as the thermal analysis of the membranes, performed using the technique of Thermogravimetry (TGA). The membranes of PCL Pura, PCL + HS and PCL + AGE was successfully prepared by electrospinning, using the amount of 1g PCL for all membranes produced. The maximum amount of AGE in the membranes was 1 g, while the maximum amount of HS was 0.4 mL. The sterility test showed that there was no colony formation or growth of microorganisms in any of the culture media during the 168h incubation period. The morphology of the membranes revealed that the obtained fibers were well formed and randomly distributed, however, the PCL + HS membrane, showed pearls in its fibers. The addition of HS in the polymeric solution changed the diameter of the fibers. The average diameter of the pure PCL fibers was DM = 1,160 ± 0.992 μm while the average diameter of the PCL + HS fibers was DM = 0.981 ± 0.663 μm and the PCL + AGE membrane showed an average diameter of DM = 1.53 μm. The drugs modified the surface of the membranes, changing the contact angle. The PCL, PCL + HS and PCL + AGE membranes had contact angles of 123 °, 102 ° and 95 °, respectively. The FTIR analysis of the PCL + HS membrane spectrum showed a small contribution from HS only in the 1417 cm-1 band, the 2929 cm-1, 1221 cm-1, 1028 cm-1 and 791 cm-1 bands are HS characteristics coincide with bands presented in the PCL spectrum. In the spectrum of the PCL + AGE membrane, the presence of bands referring to oil contributions was observed, which are: 3006 cm-1, 2851 cm-1, 1745 cm-1, 1654 cm-1, 1378 cm-1, 1233 cm-1 and 1159 cm-1. The thermogravimetric analysis of the membranes revealed that there was no substantial change in the thermal stability of the membranes from the interaction between HS and AGE with PCL. The material developed in this work has potential medical application due to the presence of drugs incorporated in the fibers of the PCL membranes as well as the proof of the material's sterility as this material was applied in a clinical study.