Avaliação dos impactos ambientais do solo e da água na área de disposição final de resíduos sólidos urbanos em Humaitá-AM

Abstract

The improper disposal of solid waste generated several environmental problems, including contamination of soil, contamination of water resources and public health. In this context, this study was conducted at the disposal of municipal solid waste Humaita-AM due to concern with manure/leachate generated, therefore, potential sources of contamination. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the environmental impacts in an area of waste disposal evaluating the physical and chemical soil quality content waste landfill (IQAR) and water quality index (IQA). Different studies have been conducted: 1) Evaluation of physical and chemical soil in three areas Mata Native (N), Field Natural (C) and area Arrangement (D), where soil samples were collected at different depths, which were subjected to analyzes to evaluate soil physical (texture, bulk density, soil resistance to root penetration), and evaluation of soil (organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead , chromium, nickel), 2) Determination of the Index of Quality of Landfill Waste (IQAR), were performed, a checklist of the features of the site, structural and operating municipal landfill. and 3) determination of physical, chemical and bacteriological index and water quality of bodies of water nearby landfill. Mediate the information generated in this study has shown that the nature of the silty soil is not suitable for solid waste disposal, and evaluation of physical attributes indicated higher compaction disposal area (D). The chemical evaluation enabled us to verify the low soil fertility in the three areas, in relation to heavy metals in the soil most of the elements studied were lower than the limits established by Cetesb (2005). The IQAR resulted in 1.43 which classifies it as a dump to open in inadequate conditions. The results of water analyzes found that heavy metals, coliform, total nitrogen, turbidity, color, total dissolved solids are according to the maximum allowed by CONAMA Resolution 357/05 for fresh water rivers of class 2. The Water Quality Index (IQA) at point P1 proved to be good with 65% at P2 and also proved to be good with 59%, studies have revealed the quality as good probably due to the influence of the area of solid waste disposal and mainly due to influence of solids and fecal coliform.