Água para beber: uma análise socioambiental da água para consumo humano em vilas indígenas do Alto Solimões – Amazonas

Abstract

One of the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals agreed between the countries that participated in the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio + 20) is to ensure the availability and sustainable management of safe water for all. Thinking about the Amazonian complexity that encompasses a great quantity of water resources while a significant part of its population still has difficulties of access to safe water for consumption, this dissertation sought to identify and understand the social and environmental impact caused by the current forms of access and water supply found in indigenous villages of the Alto Solimoes micro region in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. The indigenous villages are those of Belem do Softiies, Campo Alegre and Betania located respectively in the municipalities Tabatinga, Sao Paulo de Olivenca and Santo Ant6nio do Ica. The current precarious forms of access and distribution of water in these villages cause visible and invisible impacts, mainly in socio-environmental issues, such as potability and contamination of surface and groundwater. In this way, this dissertation aimed at understanding these impacts, described the ways of access to water in the different periods of the hydrological regime of the region, carried out analyzes of the potability of the water used for consumption by the villagers and analyzed the data of waterborne diseases in the Villages. At the end, the dissertation points out the forms of storage in the residences and the infrastructures built for the waiter supply as the main socioenvironmental impacts in the studied Villages.