Desenvolvimento de emulsões utilizando extrato seco de Passiflora Nitida Kunth

Abstract

The Passiflora nitida is a species of Amazonian flora still little studied that added to its antioxidant potential, reported in the literature, mainly due to the presence of phenols and flavonoids, arouses the interest for use in a product. The objective of this study was to develop a semi-solid formulation with rejuvenating activity and whitening of the skin. The plant drug was collected at Embrapa-AM, the dry extract obtained by sprinkler in spray dryer was prepared in three different concentrations (plant-drug solvent). In the characterization of the raw material plant tests as loss on drying, particle size by sieving, extractive content, ash content, phytochemical screening were performed with the plant drug. With the dry extract was made using laser particle size tests, analysis of specific surface area, fluorescence x-rays, thermal analysis, dry residue, phenol and total flavonoids, DPPH, ABTS, tyrosinase inhibition activity, chelating activity and reducing potential. Further, semisolid formulations were developed conducted the pre-test stability, primary stability, accelerated stability, rheological studies, and spreadability. Subsequently, tests were performed in cell culture to evaluate the cytotoxicity and the ability to reduce melanogenesis and inhibiting tyrosinase. It was also determined the total flavonoid content by UV-Visible esctrofotometria both the dry extract as in the formulation. In characterizing the plant drug loss on drying was 9.08%, the powder was classified as coarse powder. The extractive yield was 17.16% and the ash content was 5.43%. In the phytochemical screening results were strongly positive for flavônicos glycosides. The dry extract was classified as fine powder with average particle diameter of 25.06 μM and pores of the mesopore type. The chemicals found by the fluorescence X-ray technique are Ca, K, Cl, S, P, Si, Mg, Na and Br. In the thermal analysis, there are four thermal events observed in the DSC curve and four loss event mass in the TG / DTG curve. For the dry extract 7.5% the result of total phenols was 18.9%, total flavonoid 4.1%. IC50 of DPPH was 31.5 μg/mL, IC50 of ABTS was 21.8 μg/mL, IC50 inhibition of tyrosinase was 437 μg/mL. The extract showed no chelating activity and reducing potential of 29.7% at a concentration of 50 μg/mL. In the development of formulations, eighteen bases were manipulated and from below, various formulations were tested in pre-stability. Four formulations followed for primary stability and for accelerated stability. In accelerated stability LB12 with 3% Passiflora nitida was the formulation selected, the rheological profile showed pseudoplastic behavior with thixotropy and good spreadability. The dry extract and the formulation showed no cytotoxicity, ability to reduce both showed melanogenesis, but did not inhibit tyrosinase in cell culture. The total flavonoid content was 1.2% for dry extract and 0.2% for the formulation. The dried extract of Passiflora nitida has in vitro antioxidant activity and capacity reduction of melanogenesis. The results provided the establishment of dry extract of the quality control parameters, and provide the data as: formulation, physical and chemical specifications and stability, for the regularization of the cosmetic product at the National Health Surveillance Agency Sanitária- ANVISA. In this way, managed to get a semi-solid cosmetic product with Amazon bioactive, - Passiflora nitida dry extract, safe, stable and with the antioxidant activities and whitening of the skin, proven in vitro.