Clonagem, sequenciamento e estudos moleculares do genoma de HPV 16 isolado na Amazônia

Abstract

The Human papillomavirus is responsible for lesions in the oral mucosa, anal and urogenital tract of male and female, transmitted by direct or indirect contact with infected skin or through sexual intercourse. In women these infections can progress to cervical cancer, which is estimated incidence for the Northern region in 2010 was the largest in Brazil. The nature of the infection depends on the degree of integration of viral DNA with host DNA linked primarily to genes of oncoproteins E6 and E7 of HPV. The determination of the viral types can be held from differences in the viral capsid L1 gene and the variants of a particular type of HPV can be identified through the study of viral non-coding region. Currently the development of prophylactic vaccines against HPV particles using "pseudo-viral" formed by the L1 protein of different subtypes of high risk, while a growing number of studies that use the oncoproteins E6 and E7 in the development of therapeutic vaccines. However, it is necessary for the development of such antiviral vaccines also consider the great diversity of variants of HPV types exist, since differences between the genomic regions of these variants may influence the degree of their infections. This paper describes the complete genome sequence of a variant of HPV 16, detected in Amazonian region, using techniques of genetic engineering and the analysis of this genome by bioinformatics tools. It was observed by analysis of genetic distance that the genome of this variant has a genetic proximity of those identified in the literature as "African variants, and phylogenetic analysis, performed from the non-coding region, support this hypothesis. In addition, several mutations were detected in the genome and obtained, resulting in changes in the positions and number of restriction sites in its sequence. The major differences between the genetic regions of the genome sequenced and the corresponding variants in Africa have been observed over E7. It is expected, with that work, look for future research projects involving protein expression and genomic analysis of HPV in the Amazon region to the regional peculiarities in variants and provide a concise and complete reference on the genome of HPV 16 in the region.