Ambientes e épocas para enraizamento para estacas de guaranazeiro no estado do Amazonas

Abstract

The guarana tree (Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis) is a plant native to the Amazon region, whose fruit is known as guaraná. Despite the great importance of guaraná culture, research is still needed to solve the problems that mainly affect its development in family farming. For the production of clonal seedlings to be efficient and low-cost for small producers, the time for collecting cuttings and new technologies for the seedling? production system must be studied. A simple system that provides quality water, called a humid rooting chamber, has been tested and approved in several species. Therefore, an experiment was set up with the objective of studying the rooting potential of herbaceous cuttings of guaraná cultivars, subjected to different rooting environments and times of the year. The experimental design was randomized with three cuttings collection times in the months of April, July and September, and three guaraná cultivars BRS Maués, BRS CG 611 and BRS Luzeia, with four replications and four rooting environments, the conventional nursery, humid chamber without misting, humid chamber with misting and humid chamber in the understory, with four replications. The highest rooting rate of the cuttings was obtained in the month of April, a period that encompasses the Amazonian winter and, phonologically, the vegetative stage of the guaraná plant. The humid chamber with nebulization presented the best conditions among the environments tested for rooting guaraná cuttings.