Aspectos socioambientais e o levantamento etnobotânico da brioflora em Humaitá - AM, Brasil

Abstract

The set of bryophytes from a specific region or ecosystem is called Brioflora and through taxonomy, we know the existing species and the environmental conditions of the given area, because the bryophytes have a diversity with wide geographical distribution, the which allows to be found in the most inhospitable environments, facilitating its study in different areas of Science, such as Ethnobotany. This, in turn, serves as an aid in identifying appropriate practices for the management of vegetation, since the popular use of medicinal plants is an art that accompanies the human being since the dawn of civilization, being based on the accumulation of orally impregnated knowledge of continuous generations; This knowledge of traditional populations is strongly linked to the use of medicinal plants, due to their availability, being generally cultivated in vegetable gardens, backyards or collected in forests. In addition, there is a deficiency of medicine in hard to reach places and the belief in potential of so-called natural products. Thus, this work aimed to know the bryophytes and analyze their ethnobotanical potential in Humaitá, Amazonas. The interviews took place from September to November 2019 in six districts of Humaitá-AM, the discursive textual analysis was used to analyze the data, and the concepts of environment and nature were discussed according to the residents categories: spatial, biocentric, values and feelings, generalizing, anthropization and environment as synonymous with nature and knowledge about bryophytes and their use had three categories: empirical, utilitarian and non-elucidative. In the collection of bryophytes in the backyards of the residences, five families were identified: Calymperaceae, Leucomiaceae, Sterophylaceae, Hypnaceae and Pottiaceae that have potential to be used as bioindicators. This work contributes to the expansion of Ethnobriology-related studies, in which they are known, as well as to the valorization of the entire Amazonian ecosystem, since it houses a diversity that is still little studied and known within this field of study.