Propagação vegetativa in vitro a partir de segmentos nodais de jambú (Acmella oleracea (L.) R. K. JANSEN)

Abstract

The jambú is a medicinal plant, cultivated mainly in the North of the Country, more necessarily in Pará. The extract of its leves possess anesthetical properties being used in the treatment of males of the mouth and the throat, as well as for tooth ache. Also it possess antifungal, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, analgesic and larvicidal activity. Such plant still is very used as condiment in the cookery of the Amazon Region, mainly in the preparation of the celebrity “tacacá”. The present work had as objective to establish different methodologies for the culture in vitro of nodal segments of jambú. Different concentrations of bioregulators had been tested, amongst them AIA (0; 0,5; 1,0; 3,0 mg.L-1) and BAP (0; 0,5; 1,5; 2,5; 5,0 mg.L-1), different concentrations of sucrose (0; 7,5; 15; 30; 45 g.L-1) and inorganic nitrogen (0; 5; 10; 20 and 40 ml.L-1) and finally was made the acclimatization of the micropropagated plants, testing different substrates (plantmax®, vermiculit and sawdust). The experimental delineation was entirely randomized, with 20 repetitions of each treatment. The plants had been evaluated, in the two first experiments, to the 45 days and, in the last one, to the 60 days. One evidenced that the addition of bioregulators influenced the development and multiplication of the shoots, being the best ones resulted gotten between 0,5 mg.L-1 of AIA combined with 1,5 mg.L-1 of BAP. Modifications in such a way in the concentrations of sucrose, as in the ones of inorganic nitrogen had influenced the growth of the cultivated jambú in vitro. The concentrations of sucrose of 7,5 and 30 g.L-1, together with the dosages of the inorganic nitrogen of 10 and 20 ml.L-1, had provided the best ones resulted for all the evaluated characteristics. The substrate plantmax®, as well as the vermiculit and the sawdust, had not differed between itself, being appropriate for the acclimatization of jambú seedlings.