Patrimônio genético e conhecimentos tradicionais associados: possibilidade de transformação e criação de novos produtos e tecnologias da Amazônia

Abstract

This thesis deals with the issues of genetic heritage and traditional knowledge associated: potential for transformation and creation of new products and technologies in the Amazon. With advances in biotechnology, traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources have become important inputs for bioinformational innovation. Provisional Measure No. 2,186-16 of August 23, 2001 regulates the procedures for access to the components of the genetic heritage with scientific research, technological development and bioprospecting. It remains unquestionable the importance of traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources conferred on the biotech industry, particularly pharmaceuticals, and agricultural chemicals. This research aims to analyze the utilization of traditional knowledge associated with genetic possibilities for transformation and the creation of new products and technologies in the Amazon. We discuss the legal protection of traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources analyzing guarantee sovereignty and ownership of the states and their peoples over natural resources as the common heritage of humanity, asking about the subjectivity of people and traditional knowledge related to the consent and authorization. In the methodological approach adopted , we defend the access to genetic resources and traditional knowledge associated with the creation of products and processes with the objective of regional development on a sustainable and equitable sharing of the results obtained with its use. The present investigation was characterized from the point of view of its nature as literature and empirical , developed primarily from a qualitative approach. In this sense , critical reason was adopted as a broader methodological approach , not limited to dogmatisms and pure and simple analysis of positive laws , however , we sought to climb, in critical relational subsidies , a new perspective of overcoming legal treatment in relation to traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources as a support in the sovereignty and security of the property of the State and its peoples over natural resources and their genetic heritage . It analyzes access to traditional knowledge and genetic resources as a new mode of appropriation of nature and natural resources and the equitable sharing of benefits. In its final part , the research seeks to demonstrate the need to seek a balance between economic use of components of biological diversity in the form and pace that does not cause genetic decreased while maintaining the potential to meet the aspirations of the present and future generations . The compatibility of conservation of the immense potential of the natural resources of the Amazon with the consolidation of a sustainable development policy is urgent. The benefits produced by research provide directions for finding alternatives and strategies to democratize access to genetic resources and traditional knowledge and facilitate construction of guiding principles for the construction of consistent and relevant public policies for the development and sustainability of Amazon. The study also concludes that the wealth of genetic resources in Brazil, especially in the Amazon region, can be used in a sustainable manner, however, is essential scientific and technological infrastructure able to harness its potential benefits for people and the populations of the Amazon to the promotion of regional development.