Simulação de custos no uso de fontes alternativas de energia nas indústrias ceramistas de Manacapuru e Iranduba

Abstract

The lack of material for the generation of burning in the production process of ceramic industries, in general, presents itself as one of the biggest obstacles experienced by entrepreneurs in this sector. On the one hand have to environmental pressure by the use of native wood forests, and the other, lack of energy inputs to meet the need of business demand. In the State of Amazonas Polo Ceramic-Pottery, located in the municipalities of Manacapuru and Iranduba also experience this situation, which has driven some institutions to conduct research and propose alternative energy to mitigate this problem, given that the sector has a large representation in local economy and the state. In this sense, EMBRAPA has conducted experiments in the use of plantations of exotic species such as Acacia mangium, which could meet the needs of these companies. On the other hand, with the advent of Coari-Manaus lack of material for the generation of burning seems to tend toward a final settlement. However, the entrepreneurs of this sector are still afraid to show how to use this new technology, because of investments that are likely to be made in changing the energy matrix. Thus, this study tried to do a simulation of costs in the use of Natural Gas and Firewood Mangium Acacia reforestation in order to identify, from the standpoint of costs, energy alternative that appears more attractive to the entrepreneur. For that, go analysis steps that involve the production process in the manufacture of bricks, identifying costs and direct and indirect expenses, and costs and variable and fixed costs, which allowed later to perform an analysis of the optimal level production use of these two energy matrices. From the results it was found that the option for reforestation with Acacia mangium has to be an advantageous alternative to entrepreneurs who envision the short term as a guarantee of return on investment, unlike the natural gas that has a technology advantage in the long term. Therefore, the decision to change the energy matrix for reforestation acacia wood, or natural gas will depend on the profile of the entrepreneur in bold to show or not on the alternatives that the market offers.