Análise da composição lipídica de seis espécies de peixes amazônicos

Abstract

Seeing the importance of fish for amazonian people, it potential in the market, it nutritive value, and information shortages relative to the lipid composition of amazonian fish, it was aimed to determinate the lipid composition attendant in dorsal muscle of six amazonia fish species, jaraqui, curimatã, pacu, sardinha, pescada and surubim, through fatty acids analyses constituent of their diferent classes of lipids and attendant steroids in their unsaponifiable lipids. This study involved the development and methodology application for extraction of total lipids, separation of lipid class, extraction of unsaponifiable lipids, derivatization of fatty acids and steroids, analyses of gas chromotagraphy with detector of flames ionization and with mass spectrometry for quantitative and qualitative evaluation of steroids and fatty acids of lipids in class. And also approached the determination of lipids nutritional quality through atherogenicity, thrombogenicity index and quantity of hypercholesterolemic fatty acids. The results indicated the fish in study have interesting lipids, having bigger quantity of total lipids the fishes curimatã and pacu, with bigger participation of neutral lipids, and cholesterol as majority steroid for all fishes. The unsaturated fatty acids, essentials for human health, it was found in bigger quantity in fishes sardinha and pacu in phospholipids class and in pescada (whitefish), curimatã, jaraqui and surubim in neutral lipids class. Besides pacu fish has shown bigger quantity of omega 3 and 6 fatty acids, the fish pescada (whitefish) highlighted for nutritional quality.