Doses de AIB no enraizamento de estacas de guaranazeiro

Abstract

Guaranazeiro (Paullinia cupana var. Sorbilis (Mart.) Ducke) is a plant native to the Amazon that has stimulating and medicinal properties, with great potential for internal and external markets and marketed under the forms of soda, cane, powder and syrup . Brazil is the only commercial-scale guarana producer in the world. In the state of Amazonas, especially in the municipality of Maués, where guaranaicultura is the main agricultural activity developed, the culture has economic relevance. Technologies have been developed to reduce production costs and increase the potential for exploitation of this crop, among them the optimization of seedling production, in search of higher rooting percentages and lower cutting mortality rates. The objective of this work was to study the rooting potential of herbaceous cuttings of three guarana cultivars submitted to five concentrations of IBA. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3x5 factorial scheme with three guarana cultivars (BRS-CG372, BRS-CG611 and BRS-Amazonas) and five AIB doses (0ppm, 1000ppm, 2000ppm, 3000ppm and 4000ppm) with four replicates totaling 60 experimental units, each with 10 stakes. The cuttings were removed from the herbaceous branches, containing a vegetative yolk and a pair of leaflets cut in half to reduce perspiration. In the basal part of the cuttings different concentrations of IBA were applied according to each treatment. After 90 days, the cuttings were separated from the substrate by dispersion in running water and manual agitation, obtaining the intact root system to evaluate the percentage of cuttings with calluses, rooted cuttings and dead cuttings. The number of roots formed was also evaluated; length, volume and weight of root dry matter. The cultivars presented different rooting capacities, in all root characteristics evaluated the cultivar BRS-CG372 presented better development. The IBA doses did not influence the percentage of rooted cuttings, but increased the quality of the root system of the guarana cuttings.