O protagonismo da aprendizagem matemática e seus coadjuvantes no processo de ensino e aprendizagem

Abstract

The difficulties in the Teaching and Learning Process in the Mathematics discipline and the importance of developing students' protagonism in everyday life, in the school and social context, are addressed for their solution in accordance with the BNCC – National Common Curricular Base, which also acted as parameters for the conclusion of the research objectives and through the skills and competencies declared in the regional educational context, which characterizes the supporting characters based on the students' learning difficulties. The theoretical references that support this work are based on Vygotsky's socio-historical-cultural theory of the advancement of preferable mental functions and Dewey's accumulation of experience, which establishes relationships between the protagonism of student learning and the factors that help to build of knowledge. The research has a qualitative and case study-related approach, where data was collected through questionnaires, interviews and tests. The problem that the research solves: How is the student who is the protagonist of his learning influenced by supporting factors that allow an active teaching and learning process of Mathematics in Elementary School? starting from the following General Objective: Establish the relationship between the leading role in mathematics student learning in elementary school with factors and didactic elements that help to better structure it, allowing the following actions: Analyze active methodology as collaborative learning, supporting active participation and interactive between students; Verify through the interaction of student-student, student-knowledge and student-experience how learning takes place based on problem situations; Validate the efficiency of the didactic and methodological proposal: the “triad” autonomy, interaction and protagonism, through analysis of the data collected. The sample used in the research consists of 8th year students from the Rainha dos Apostolos Municipal School located in the rural area of Manaus, who received a consolidated opinion from CEP/UFAM.