A tecnossocialidade no quotidiano da promoção da saúde com as famílias de crianças e adolescentes em sofrimento mental

Abstract

Technologies are currently present in all living spaces, being used for different forms of relationships and communication in post-modernity. This sociality mediated by technologies is called Tecnosociality by Mafessoli. And these new ways of sharing, enjoying and being part of the society began to shape the daily lives of people and families. However, as in any context, technology can impact everyday relationships positively or negatively, as well as family relationships. The family, when relating, interacting, has a culture, a lifestyle, different ways of caring and being healthy, leading us to reinforce the need to know it in order to share alliances and co-responsibility in Health Promotion or in the ability to face the losses inherent to the process of living. Given the relevance of the aforementioned theme and the current reality in the postmodern social context, this research was guided by the following question: how is technosociality related to health promotion in the process of being healthy and getting sick and how does it show itself in the daily lives of families of children and adolescents in mental suffering? Thus, the research aimed at understanding Technosociality in the daily lives of families of children and adolescents in mental suffering and its relationship in promoting health and illness. According to Maffesoli, the object of analysis privileges everything that is not produced by calculation, intention, strategy, in short, by traditional rationality, but will adopt a sociology of the here and now, or that is, it defends how the simplicity of the original, everyday life, which includes the different ways of life, the ways of being, thinking, situating oneself and behaving in relation to the other and nature, gives the character experimental to everyday life, in which the act of interpreting and understanding common knowledge becomes more relevant than explaining the facts. This study used a qualitative research, of the Holistic Single Case Study type, based on Michel Maffesoli's Theoretical and Sensitivity Assumptions of Comprehensive and Everyday Sociology. The participants involved in this research were 33 families who use the Children and Youth Psychosocial Care Center (CAPSi), located in the east side of Manaus, the capital of Amazonas. For data construction, semi-structured interviews and recordings in Field Diaries were carried out during the month of September 2020 and were later submitted to Content Analysis according to the thematic modality of Laurence Bardin with the steps of pre-analysis, material exploration and treatment results, inference and interpretation. The research met the ethical and bioethical care of research involving human beings in accordance with Resolution 466 of 2012, being approved by the Research Ethics Committee under Opinion number 2.765.976. The results were described in three articles. The first one presented the categories Dominant masters: The technization of the world and the time of no return; Limits for the compulsive use of technologies; Families' emotions and behaviors due to the use of technologies; Technology as leisure, distraction and control of children and adolescents; From Masters they become a technological service: the imaginal power as a health promoter. In the second article, the categories were The power of the Imaginary for the construction of a healthy being; The use of social networks as promoters of the Image-Imaginary relationship; The use of new technologies to promote health care; Emotional and spiritual education as well-living practices. And the third article presented the categories Child-juvenile development contexts and the excessive use of screens; Education and toxic stress in times of pandemic; Limits of education in times of pandemic; The Ethics of Self-Care in times of pandemic. The results of this study identified that, in many families, the use of technologies is compulsive, spending a lot of time and many hours of the day connected, causing negative effects on the physical and mental health of children and adolescents, and consequently on family health. On the other hand, it was also possible to broaden the look at the use of social networks and contemplate successful experiences of teleconsultation, psychological therapy via video calls on WhatsApp, support groups and mutual help on WhatsApp mediated by CAPS professionals. As Merhy says, we cannot forget that we are the ones who drive technology and we need to nurture this idea that brings potential strength to health professionals, about the good use of technology, in favor of better care and attention that corroborate the complexity that it's living contemporaneity.