Micropropagação do cubiu (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal)

Abstract

Cubiu (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal), a genetic resource from western Amazon, presents a great potential for the modern agriculture, on account of its rusticity, good yield capacity and usage of its fruits in various diversified ways. On account of it being a sexual reproduction plant, it keeps a high genetic variability as to the agronomic importance characteristics which are not interesting in a commercial viewpoint, where the purpose is the evenness of the growing plants as well as their fructification. Micropropagation is an alternative for obtaining clones with desirable characteristics such as high productivity, superior quality or biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, providing a fast multiplication within a small physical space. The aim of the present study was to establish protocols for the in vitro culture of cubiu. Different mg/L concentrations of the BAP (0.0; 0.5; 1.0; 3.0; 5.0) and AIA (0.0; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0) growth regulators and all possible combinations between them in MS medium were assessed in the in vitro induction and regeneration of cubiu sproutings and rooting. The experimental design was in random blocks with five replicates and 25 treatments, constituting a 5x5 factorial scheme. The best BAP and AIA mg/L combinations the following respectively: for leaves 1.0 plus 0.5 producing an average number of 8 leaves per explant; for sprountings 3.0 plus 0.5 producing an average number of 3.10 sprouts per explant; for the height of sproutings 3.0 plus 0.5 producing an average height of 4.17 cm; for root 1.0 plus 0.5 producing an average number of 8.45 roots and for the length of root 1.0 and 0.5 producing a 6.4 cm mean length. It was possible to micropropagate the S. sessiliflorum species adding BAP and AIA growth regulators to the MS medium, obtaining a larger number of sproutings as well as complete plants with well developed root system and ideal height for acclimatization.