Levantamento histórico da Matriz Energética de Manaus

Abstract

The general objective of this dissertation was to elaborate a historical survey of the energy matrix of the city of Manaus. For this purpose, the following specific objectives were established: to demonstrate the historical evolution of electricity production for lighting, transportation and water supply in Manaus from 1830 to 1930; to identify the historical demand for electricity consumption in Manaus in the transition period of fuels from 2009 to 2015; and demonstrate the results of the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and the changes in the energy matrix of Manaus in that period. The problematic situation that motivated the research, starting from the observation that, in the year 1989, the city of Manaus entered the process of transition of its energy matrix, with the inauguration of the Balbina Hydroelectric Plant. In 2009, natural gas was transported through the Urucu-Coari-Manaus gas pipeline, which is gradually replacing the fuel oil consumption, complemented by the Manaus interconnection with the National Interconnected System (SIN), which took place in 2013. About the methodology, it is characterized as a bibliographical and documentary research. The dissertation contemplated both qualitative and quantitative perspectives. From a qualitative perspective, a historical survey of the energy matrix of the city of Manaus was presented. The historical evolution of electric energy production for lighting, transportation and water supply in the city of Manaus from 1830 to 1930 was also presented. It also identifies the historical demand for electricity consumption in the municipality of Manaus in the transition period of fuels from 2009 to 2015, with the results of CO2 emissions and changes in the energy matrix. Regarding the results, it is worth noting that the energy matrix of the State of Amazonas has improved significantly over the course of its history (1830- 1930), and in the period from 2009 to 2015. Regarding the emission of CO2, in the recent, there was a marked reduction of pollution, above 30%. From 2014, the regression in the CO2 emission was caused by the energy consumption of the SIN. Nowadays, it may be noted that the energy situation of the Amazon is comfortable, and it may even be said that it is the best state has ever had.