Reprodução de espécies de peixes em lago de várzea, Manacapuru-AM

Abstract

In areas of Central Amazon floodplain fluctuation of water level, about 10 m, promotes seasonal variations in water level that are critical in the life cycle of fish. The reproduction is influenced by endogenous factors such as the environmental conditions that favor the survival and development of larvae. This study characterized the reproduction of P. latior, A. elongatus, Hemiodus sp. (microlepis longo), P. nattereri, S. altispinis, S. spilopleura, A. falcirostris, L. batesii, P. squamosissimus, P. castelnaeana, P. flavipinnis, H. littorale, H. edentatus, H. marginatus and T. galeatus Jaitêua lakes and São Lourenço, Manacapuru, AM. For each species we analyzed the length structure, sex ratio, the average length of sexual maturity and spawning season, considering the macroscopic appearance of the maturation stages and relative condition factor. Were also considered some environmental variables (dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, temperature, transparency, depth, rainfall and water level) and its possible association with the spawning season. Fish were collected monthly during the period July/2006 to May/2007 and bimonthly from April/2008 to July/2007, using gill net, and in the laboratory were used for biometrics and identification of maturity stages gonad. Jaitêua lakes and São Lourenço, the structure in standard length of fish species examined have a wide range of variation, with representation from various size classes, including juveniles and adults. The sex ratio different from 1:1, with a predominance of females by length class and hydrological period. The length of sexual maturity varied in comparison to other environments. Most species spawn mainly from the late low period the rising, except P. squamosissimus receding spawning. The vast majority of these species spawn in synchrony with increasing oxygen concentrations, onset of rains, increasing the depth of the lakes, the electrical conductivity and water transparency.