Aprendizagem de conceitos físicos em sala de aula e o processo de aquisição do conceito de força inercial em alunos do 1° ano do ensino médio

Abstract

This research aimed to investigate the characteristics that favor the teaching and learning of the concept of inertial force in first year students of high school mediated by a unit of Education? With the purpose of answering this question the study had as general objective: To analyze the process of acquisition of the concept of inertial force by the students of the first grade of High School. To do so, we tried to develop a didactic proposal for the teaching and learning of the inertial force concept within the Dynamic content; identify the students' spontaneous conceptions about the concept of Referential, movement, rest, Force, inertial force; to develop a diagnostic study of the process of teaching and learning through the teaching practice and the dynamics of the classroom; characterize the learning built from the teaching unit so that the fundamental concepts necessary to understand and learn the concept of inertial Force are systematized. This is a qualitative research in the experimental modality. As a theoretical reference, Jean Piaget's psychogenetic theory was conceived as the active agent of the construction of knowledge. The research had as participants 25 students of the first grade of the High School aged between 14 and 17 years. The structured observation, interview, questionnaires that were applied to the teacher and the student, and evaluation exercises were used as instruments of data collection. According to the data obtained it is possible to affirm that the subjects anchor their constructions from the concrete reality, mainly in relation to the concepts of Strength, referential and movement. With respect to this aspect was observed after the application of the Teaching unit a significant evolution in counterpoint to the conceptions identified in the previous analysis. Regarding the concept of Force of inertia, it was verified that this concept is absent from the discussions in the rooms of High School, even in contents with which it relates. Thus, it is considered that the sequence used by the Teaching unit is favorable to apprehension of the concept of Force of inertia, starting from the key concepts pointed out in this research.