Perfil socioeconômico da bovinocultura mista e qualidade sanitária do leite UHT comercializado no estado do Amazonas

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the socioeconomic profile of mixed cattle production (meat, milk and cheese) and the sanitary quality of UHT Integral milk marketed in Amazonas State. The present work was conducted from January to May 2018. Were evaluated the production obtained by mixed cattle (beef, milk and cheese) in each city of Amazonas State. Data were collected from state and federal public agencies, and visits on producing establishments. For Total Bacterial Count (TBC) analysis, were selected the five cities with highest milk intake in the Amazonas State. 30 samples (boxes) per city were collected. For Somatic Cells Count analysis, were selected the eight cities with highest milk production in the Amazonas State. 30 samples (boxes) per city were collected. Data collected were subjected to a Tukey test (p≤0.05) after a significant ANOVA result. Amazonas State presents its milk production concentrated in few cities, with great dispersion of cattle, and large herds concentrated in few places. Compared to Brazilian production, Amazonas State presents an inexpressive production, with some cities without production. The milk from towns in rural area of Amazonas State presented larger bacterial contamination than milk marketed in the capital. All results were above the reference values. Cities with greatest geographical isolation presented milk samples with larger (p<0.05) values of somatic cells, indicating lower quality. However, these results are below the reference value established by current legislation. Thus, it was conclusion that the milk marketed in Amazonas State met the quality values provided by current legislation for Somatic Cells Count. However, the samples analysed presented bacterial load above the recommendation, and worst results in towns of rural area, specially on cities with great geographic isolation.