Caracterização do perfil de saúde de recém-nascidos vivos por parto cesáreo no estado do Amazonas

Abstract

JUSTIFICATION: Newborn health care is essential for reducing infant mortality, where data analysis from the Live Birth Information System (SINASC) contributes to epidemiological surveillance, aiming to improve maternal and children in Brazil. The high rate of cesarean deliveries in Brazil without proper indication and medical guidance can lead to several complications and harm for the mother and baby. Therefore, epidemiological surveillance of neonatal outcomes, healthcare indicators, and sociodemographic variables in maternal and child health becomes necessary. OBJECTIVE: To characterize neonatal health and nutrition indicators, with an emphasis on the analysis of health care information, Apgar 5 scores and birth weight classification among live births by cesarean section in the State of Amazonas, Brazil. METHOD: 1) Observational-descriptive study using SINASC data recorded from 2013 to 2017 in Amazonas. Neonatal health indicators, maternal characteristics, and information on health care and location of births were evaluated. 2) Create an e-book (digital book) through a narrative review of the literature, using sources from the Ministry of Health, PAHO, WHO, scientific articles, government documents, to select the most recent and recommended information and evidence for professional health practice; and make it available in open access in the RFB publishing catalog. RESULTS: Analysis of SINASC data showed the following characteristics of newborns: higher prevalence for males, classification of color/ethnicity/race brown, and adequate classification of the five-minute Apgar score (Apgar 5). Newborns with a low Apgar 5 score had lower average birth weights than those observed for newborns with an adequate score for this index, except in the high weight-for-age category. This study resulted in the production of an article with the theme “Health profile and nutritional status of live newborns by cesarean section in Amazonas”, which addresses all the results obtained in this study and also in an e-book with the theme “Indicators newborn health and nutrition”. The book's subjects were compiled by topic to define the content, resulting in 9 chapters, and is available for download, ISBN: 978-65-5889-643-2. CONCLUSION: The evaluation of the Apgar 5 index and birth weight are important indicators for the immediate evaluation of newborns born by cesarean section, contributing to epidemiological surveillance and improving public health policies and assistance to maternal and neonatal health in Amazonas