Análises biométricas de características bromatológicas de pupunha (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) de maior teor de óleo provenientes de mercados de Porto Velho - Rondônia

Abstract

The peach palm is a palm tree native to southwestern Amazonia enjoyed feeding by palm heart and the fruit can be consumed cooked or used as a culinary ingredient. The natural variability of physical and chemical composition of the fruits subsidizes its distinct use in human food, and the less fibrous and more oily fruits are especially prized for consumption. The objective of this study was to obtain information that can subsidize the breeding program of Embrapa / Rondôniain respect of characterization of pre-selected matrices and the relationship between chemical and physical variables pupunha. For this, the following biometric analyzes were performed: characterization of pre-selected matrices from physical and chemical characters of peach palm; evaluate the variability of matrices using principal components; study of the relationship among traits; and evaluation of the adequacy of the composition of three types of peach palm (micro, meso and macrocarpa) by multivariate discriminant analysis method proposed by Anderson. The first principal component explained 63.7% of the total variation in the data, and the physical traits showed in module, the larger weights, confirming that the size of the fruit is highly discriminating for the above categories. Oil contents presented correlation coefficients rOL.HC = -0.99 with the carbohydrate content and rOL.POLP = -0.75 with pulp percentage, confirming the trend that smaller fruits are rich in oil, while the larger size fruits are rich in starch. Discriminant analysis classified the most appropriate matrices studied in three classes based on bromatologic characters with an apparent error rate of 10.8%. Classification corrected through the Anderson functions can be used to add new matrices one of three categories.