Avaliação química e biológica de extratos obtidos de espécies vegetais da Flora Amazônica como novos agentes antimaláricos

Abstract

Malaria is an infectious disease that causes the death of thousands of people every year. In order to find substances capable of preventing its development, species Bocageopsis multiflora, Bocageopsis pleiosperma and Siparuna glycycarpa were evaluated in this work. Biological assays in vitro exposed opposite the extracts of P. falciparum strains sensitive and resistant to chloroquine, indicating the presence of antimalarial compounds dichloromethane and ethanol extracts of B. multiflora the shells of dichlorometane S.glygycarpa and B. pleiosperma. IC50 values were given between 10 and 50 mg / mL. The mechanisms of action of these extracts were evaluated by assays of inhibition of the formation of β-hematin HGRPTase and interaction with the enzyme, indicating that the dichloromethane extracts of the leaves and bark B. multiflora and B. pleiosperma possibly inhibit the parasite to prevent the formation of hemozoin, while substances in the ethanol extract of the leaves of B. multiflora interact with HGRPTase enzyme, inhibiting it. These extracts were shown to be inert to blood cells, under evaluation in the hemolytic assay. Chemical analyzes we observed the presence of important substances such as terpenes, aromatic and phenolic in dichloromethane and ethanol extracts of B. multiflora. In dichloromethane extract of the bark of B. pleiosperma realized the intense majority presence of policarpol compound identified by GC-MS. In dichloromethane extract of the bark of S. glygycarpa identifying alkaloid substances was observed, indicating these species native to the Amazon flora the presence of antimalarial compounds