Transmasculinidades e parentalidade: produção de sentidos e significados de homens trans que engravidaram antes da transição de gênero

Abstract

In recent years we have observed the breakdown of rigid structures of gender and sexual identities. Within this new construction, transmasculine identities challenge the binary norm, and furthermore present new possibilities for expressing and living such masculinities. Associated with identity issues, the parenting of trans people represents an arena of constant ruptures and negotiations, mobilized by dominant power structures that make such experiences difficult and invisible, showing a cultural dynamic that sometimes uses the predominantly gender aspect designated by sex, sometimes of gender identity as criteria to define parental practices, affecting complex issues such as family formation, conjugality and the parental experience itself. The objective of this study was to understand the identity construction and parental exercise in the different social scenarios of trans men who became pregnant before gender transition, using the exploratory qualitative field research method. The research was carried out with five trans men who became pregnant before starting the gender transition process and are monitored by the Sexual and Gender Diversity Clinic in Manaus-AM. The reports collected through interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis and discussed in light of gender social theories. The results demonstrated that trans men experiencing their parenthood are subjected to constant questioning and tension about their bodies and identities, seen as a sexist mechanism to legitimize the paternal relationship claimed by the interlocutors. The participants' production of meaning about parenting oscillates between transgression and accommodation of the cultural perspective, in an experience permeated with violence that reiterated social vulnerabilities and have shown parenting as a device to manage populations, and so they produce deleterious effects when not considering the uniqueness of experience in the family, educational, law and health.