Análise cromatográfica, morfológica e molecular da síntese do oleoresina em plantas jovens de Copaifera multijuga hayne (fabaceae – caesalpinioideae)

Abstract

Adult plants Copaifera genus are known to have one of the resin oils most commonly used in folk medicine, which credited to several pharmacological and cosmetic properties. In plant oil resin produced in secondary xylem, is used for its defense against various internal agents and external. In this paper we analyzed the essential oil extracted in young plants Copaifera Hayne multijuga in order to confirm the presence of coding sequences enzymes responsible for synthesis of oil and to generate a cDNA library. To the oil extraction was used the technique of steam distillation in Clevenger apparatus modified and then the spectrophotometric analysis of masses for classification of sesquiterpene compounds (essential oil). In chromatographic analysis allowed identification of various compounds present in both the young plant as the plant the adult Copaifera gender, such as ß-caryophyllene, α-copaene, D germacrene, α- humulene, δ-cadineno, γ-elemene, α-cubebeno and α-bergamotene etc. Minority studied. In one approach we used immunohistochemistry methods microscopic to locate secretory canals of the plant, where slides were prepared using semi-automated microtome, stained blue solution toluidine reagent and NADI. After these analyzes, proved the presence of these secretory ducts in young leaves, a cDNA library was constructed, utilizandose as a source of mRNA similar biological material (young leaves of C. multijuga), and subsequently their nucleotides sequenced by pirosenquenciamento the which was analyzed by computational biology, using programs prioritized biosynthesis of terpenes and sesquiterpenes, where their coding sequences enzymes were found, showing engagement of the mRNA in the oil construction not essential in adult plants of this species. Using techniques chromatography to identify phytochemicals compounds, together with methods histological and then the sequencing of genes expressed in young leaves and therefore the secretory oil rosin, allow confirmation of the biosynthesis various substances present in this oil as well as their metabolic pathways. Those Data are presented for the first time together, believing that they can helping to open new frontiers in research and development biotechnologies based upon its results.