Curvas de carências nutricionais em adultos quilombolas de áreas ribeirinhas do baixo Amazonas

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The Politics of Brazilian Food and Nutrition 2012 ensures: "Food and nutrition are the basic requirements for the promotion and protection of health, enabling the full potential of human growth and development, quality of life and citizenship". OBJECTIVE: Develop curves of nutritional deficiencies through research of consumer trends, food pattern and adult nutritional Maroons of riparian areas in the Lower Amazon Oriximiná Municipality, Pará. METHODS: Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical with descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: A sample of 274 individuals, of whom 50.2% were female. The mean age 41.6 ± 15.3 years, weight 63.2 ± 10.9 kg, height 156.7 ± 8.9 cm and body mass index (BMI) of 25.8 ± 3.9 kg / m . The majority (47.7%) had completed 4 years of schooling and 6.3% were illiterate. Among the foods consumed (5 or more times a week): cassava flour, fish, soybean oil, sugar and coffee (infusion) and consumed less than 5 times per week to cassava and banana; Among foods are rarely eaten rice, beans, beef, pork, poultry and game, eggs, milk, soft drinks and snacks / chips. Performed three meals per day 93.8% and only 5.5% and 0.7% carried four five meals, respectively. Food consumption per capita of the last 24 hours shows that the cassava flour was the most consumed by all communities (average 201.0 g) followed by rice (16,0 g) and Beju (9,0 g). Only one community reported consumption of vegetables and vegetable consumption and the mean at 0.34 g; Fruits with higher consumption: banana (11,0 g), chestnut of Pará (6,0 g) and acerola juice in the form of (13,0 g); Only four communities beans consumed, amounting to an average of 8,0 g. In the group of meat, draws attention to high fish consumption in all communities, and the average per capita consumption of this food in 517.0 g. The average energy consumption of 1572.5 ± 546.8 Kcal. The percentage intakes of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, total calories, were similar between the sexes, with no statistical difference. The values of consumption trend (shown in curves) showed that there was highly significant adjustment to Energy (p = 0.01032 *), protein (p <0.001 *), fat (p = 0.0032 *), Carbohydrate (p = <0.001 *) , cholesterol (p = 0.0213 *), calcium (p <0.001 *), iron (p = 0.0022 *) and zinc (p <0.001 *), however, each type of nutrient with its specific characteristic for Excess or Deficiency as tracks age; Tended to lack of consumption: energy (kcal), fat (%), calcium, zinc, and iron Carbohydrate varied with sex, protein and cholesterol were overweight throughout the sample. CONCLUSION: Dietary intake is monotonous, with inadequate macronutrients and micronutrients and low in fiber to the reference set; demonstrating not meet the caloric balance and nutritional needs of the sample. There is a need for new design methodologies to estimate the nutritional needs of traditional Amazonian, living in socially vulnerable, which take into consideration the specificity of livelihood and access to food.