Saúde Mental e Infância: reflexões sobre a demanda de um CAPSi

Abstract

This dissertation analyzes the psychiatric demand that is present at the Psychosocial Attention Center – CAPSi (in Portuguese) – in east side of Manaus, so it is based on public policies on children and teenaged’s mental health. It was studied and researched the mental disorders prevalent in children between 6 to 10 years old, the reasons and the complaints that are presented by the child's parents or their responsible at the time of the hosted, and the dynamics established in the team in treatment or in some new referrals. The theoretical references used address complementary themes and they interact with themselves about mental health and childhood from the perception and concepts of Critical Social Psychology. First, it is described the historical trajectory of childhood in the World, in Brazil and also in the State of Amazonas, indicating the existence of children's plurality, as well as the urgent need to recognize unique features of each child. In a second time, it is important to relate the historical evolution of the mental health field in Brazil and in the State of Amazonas; it reflects a significant delay in the implementation of public policy established by the Health Ministry. The theoretical referential is closed when the pathologization and the children medicalization are addressed as a device of biopower, that make the child in docile body with medicine in the search to that it responds exactly what they want. As a methodological resource this study goes deeper in the field-theme from the entrance into East CAPSi, using the documentary analysis of medical records and the participant observation, and open interview with the Direction of the place, from where fictional narratives were extracted and interlinked with the narratives that were collected in the experience of years with young children and their parents in the school level as a means of. It was analyzed 146 medical records, 115 were from boys and 31 were from girls; a statistical survey was made on all the medical records of these children hosted by the East CAPSi in the period from July 2016 to June 2017, the data were entered into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences – SPSS. It is believe that the figures presented go beyond the quantitative. Intrinsically, they indicate information associated to the service offered by East CAPSi. Through the fictional narratives constructed and qualitative analysis of the data, it is concluded that in the face of a different social historical reality hygienist period, occurred until the middle of the 19th century, where the real conception of childhood is not the same, it is possible to find similar actions that lead the practice of professionals in the mental health service. This reality finds support in the dynamics of work established by East CAPSi. The research has shown that the vast majority of the mental disorders received are related to the child's behavior. The most attended are conduct disorders and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - AD/HD or TDAH (in Portuguese). It also showed the young children expressiveness medicated with Risperidon, presented as the magic formula that is capable of changing the child's restless behavior. The research also revealed how distant the State of Amazonas is from that is recommended in GM Ordinance No. 336, it has a CAPSi for a city with more than 2 million people. Directly, it implies in the daily professionals practices and results in a large number of new referrals to services that could be attend internally, it was not the waiting list.