Estudo químico e biológico de Xylopia excellens E Xylopia benthamii (Annonaceae)

Abstract

Species of the Annonaceae family are known for presenting a variety of compounds, particularly alkaloids, diterpenoids, and acetogenins which has proved valuable pharmacological properties. Despite the importance of members of this family in folk medicine, the number of species investigated is greatly reduced. The genus Xylopia L. is one of the largest Annonaceae family, with about 160 species with large pantropical distribution, with only six of the twelve species found in the Amazon, have chemical and biological studies. As a contribution to chemical and biological knowledge of Xylopia gender and considering the chemical and pharmacological potential of Annonaceae, this study aims to evaluate the chemical profile, phytochemical perform studies, and investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antitumor of the species X. excellens and X. benthamii. In this work we show results of the study activity of chemical profiles of mass spectrometry, GC analysis of essential oils of species X. excellens and X. benthamii, as well as, results of the phytochemical study of alkaloid fractions of the X. excellens species. Through gas chromatographic coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of the essential oils from leaves of X.excellens were identified 29 compounds observing the predominance of sesquiterpenes, spathulenol being the major compound. For X. benthamii leaves, 46 constituents were identified, verifying the predominance of monoterpenes, being β- felandrene the major compound. The analysis of alkaloidal fractions of leaves and branches of X. excellens revealed the presence of a variety of isoquinoline derivatives, mainly oxoaporphine structures. Eleven alkaloids were isolated, and were characterized as reticuline (benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline), anonaine and nornantenine (aporphines), liriodenine, lysicamine, isomochastoline, oxoglaucine, Omethylmoschatoline, lanuginosine, oxonatenine and oxophoebine (oxoaporphines.). From leaf hexanic extracts of X. excellens was isolated one ent-cauren diterpene, identified as 7β-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-ent-kaur-16-ene. The isolated compounds were identified by spectrometric techniques (MS and NMR 1D and 2D) and the comparison with the data with those reported in the literature. Aditionally, extracts, fractions and essential oil of X. excellens end X. benthamii¨revelead promissor antimicrobial and antitumor activities. The diterpene isolated show anti-leishmania activity against promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis with values of IC50 de 15.23 ± 0.64 μg/mL.