Línguas em contato na tríplice fronteira: A influência da língua espanhola no léxico do português falado em Tabatinga-AM

Abstract

When bordering the city of Letícia (Colombia) and Santa Rosa (Peru), the city of Tabatinga has an undeniable multi-ethnic characteristic. Therefore, the contact between languages becomes a natural imperative. The relations established in the frontier space are conditioned by "a complex set of social correlations" MOLLICA (2015), which act as tools of linguistic variation that, in principle, modify the tabatinguense vernacular. It is in this perspective that the variant sociolinguistics LABOV (2008), and the dialectic CARDOSO (2010), CHAMBERS and TRUDGILL (1998) open the field of observation and analysis, since the variation occurs by a set of phenomena not strictly linguistic, but also extralinguistic. The research was carried out according to the theoretical-methodological principles of multidimensional geolinguistics (THUN, 1998), which through the synchronic clipping contemplates the spatial differences concomitant with social variables. As an initial hypothesis of our study, we consider that Portuguese is predominant in the city, but the contact with the Spanish language is offering variation to the speech of the inhabitants of the city through the diffusion of the Hispanic lexias. In this sense, our objective was to describe the sociodialetal particularities of the Tabatinga speaker. To do so, we use linguistic charts to demonstrate how the lexicon of the city of Tabatinga has been influenced by the Spanish language. We carried out the research in 4 points of the city, that comprise the districts Santa Rosa, San Francisco, Vila Paraíso and Comara. Our research contemplated the study of the variation in the diatopic, diastetic, diageneric and diagenerational levels. Eight informants were interviewed per point of inquiry in a total of 32 interviews. Our questionnaire consisted of 106 questions from the most varied semantic fields. As a result, we could verify that the city presents with markedly heterogeneous linguistic characteristics, since, the Hispanic lexias were observed in several degrees of frequency, even with arealizations. We could also verify how the different social strata shape their verbal repertoire in front of the Portuguese-Spanish contact.