Variação na introdução do termo regido do verbo perguntar como transitivo indireto na fala manauara: um estudo sociolinguístico

Abstract

This work, from the perspective of Variationist Sociolinguistics, had the general objective of analyzing the variation in the introductory element of the term governed by the verb to ask, as an indirect transitive verb in manauara speaking. For the analysis of the linguistic phenomenon under study, in this research, we controlled the following independent variables (intralinguistic): ‘verb tense’, ‘verbal mode’, ‘noun form of the verb’, ‘typology of sentences’ and ‘order of constituents’; we also controlled the following independent (extralinguistic) variables: ‘sex’, ‘age range’ and ‘schooling’. Concerning the corpus, consisting of 674 data, the most significant occurrence was the preposition of, about the occurrence of the prepositions for and a. As for the intralinguistic and extralinguistic variables, considering the selection of the GoldvarbX statistical program and taking the preposition of how to apply the rule, the following proved to be significant, in this order of selection: ‘age range’ and ‘verbal time’. Regarding the independent variable ‘age group”. According to the extralinguistic parameter, it was discovered that the youngest people are those who had the lowest use rate concerning the preposition of and the highest use of the preposition a. In turn, the intermediate age group had the highest rates of use of and low rates of other prepositions. We also found that, based on the data analyzed, it is not possible to affirm that there is a strong process of linguistic change underway. Considering the intralinguistic independent variable ‘verb time’, past tense was the most productive about the use of the preposition “of”. The present time was in the last selection position, even though it was the one with the most categorized data. Therefore, the results show that the variant “of” is the most recurrent form of speaking in Manaus.