Qualidade de vida no teletrabalho compulsório, suporte organizacional e saúde mental de professores universitários no Amazonas

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic imposed sanitary measures of distancing and social isolation that repeatedly changed the way we work. The implementation of compulsory telecommuting demanded new skills, training and certain technological knowledge from workers, and adaptations and organizational support from institutions. In this context, this dissertation aimed to investigate the impact of emergency remote work and perceived organizational support during the Covid-19 pandemic on the Quality of Life in Compulsory Telework and on the health of university professors at a Higher Education Institution (HEI) in the Amazon. An empirical and cross-sectional study was carried out, of a descriptive and exploratory nature, of a quantitative and qualitative nature (mixed method) with a convenience sample of 84 participants. A socio-demographic questionnaire, the Quality of Life Scale in compulsory telework, the Mental Health Scale in compulsory telework, 08 questions about organizational support, two open questions about the difficulties of compulsory telework and improvements in telework were applied remotely. Data were analyzed through a qualitative analysis using the Iramuteq Software and through quantitative descriptive, correlational and regression analyzes using the IMB SPSS 20.0 Software. Regarding the quality of life in compulsory telecommuting, the professors indicated median evaluations in the dimensions teleworker activities (M=5.83, SD=2.26), telework management (M=5.53, SD=2.44) and technological support (M=5.36, SD=2.40); a good evaluation of the physical working conditions factor (M=6.36, SD= 2.72); a poor assessment of the overload factor resulting from compulsory telecommuting (M=7.31, SD=1.82), which is analyzed inversely, and a median assessment of mental health at work (M=4.82, SD=2 ,71). In addition, the result showed positive and significant correlations between the dimensions of quality of life in compulsory telework, organizational support and mental health at work. Organizational support significantly impacted four dimensions of quality of life in compulsory telework, namely: teleworker activity (F(1, 82) = 4.407, p < 0.05; adjusted R2 = 0.039); telework management (F(1, 82) = 19.204, p < 0.01; adjusted R2 = 0.180); technological support (F(1, 82) = 32.185, p < 0.01; adjusted R2 = 0.273); physical conditions (F(1, 82) = 8.242, p < 0.05; adjusted R2 = 0.080). Also, organizational support impacted mental health (F(1, 82) = 13.787, p < 0.01; adjusted R2 = 0.133). Future studies will be able to evaluate the quality of life in the face-to-face work of these professors with the return of classes in the institutions. Finally, the collective construction of policies and programs is indicated, which deal with adequate organizational support, quality of life at work and telework, in addition to emergency meetings, training and immediate solutions that occurred during the pandemic.