Prevalência do DNA do vírus da Hepatite B em doares de sangue anti-HBC positivos em Manaus-Amazonas

Abstract

The infection by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and its consequences are a major worldwide public health problem. It is estimated that two billion people have been infected with HBV and more than 350 million are chronically infected, with a great risk of death by cirrhosis or liver cancer. The hepatitis B virus is transmitted through fluids especially tangible as semen, saliva, sweat, tear and breast milk. The most frequent form of transmission of HBV is the direct percutaneous injection of the virus. Another form is perinatal transmission that represents one of the most effective ways of transmission, and the most often leads to sequels. Hepatitis B can change from one acute illness to a severe form as fulminant hepatitis. It can also evolve into a chronic illness resulting in cirrhosis, or, in carrying sound, with a low or absent aggression to hepatocity. The study of serologic markers is very important in the detection and monitoring of hepatitis. However, in some situations the serologic markers are not sufficient to detect a viral activity and in these situations, the molecular tests are needed to show a better understanding. This work aims to determine the prevalence of DNA of the hepatitis B virus in blood donors for reactive antibodies directed against the core antigen (anti-HBc), in Manaus, Amazonas. Were studied 140 donors of blood anti-HBc positive or not linked to anti-HBs. After the detection of a sample anti-HBc positive in duplicate, verified the serologic result for anti-HBs. For extraction of DNA was used kit QIamp DNA Blood of Uniscience. Two pairs of primers were used: a pair located in the region of surface and another pair of primers located more internally. Among the donors of blood studied, 106 (75.7%) were male and 34 (24.3%) female. The age of the donors of blood anti-HBc reactive studied ranged from 20 to 68 years; although the average age of donors was 39.64 years. Were detected 20 PCR positive for HBV among the 140 samples studied, meaning a prevalence of 14.3% in the population studied. Of the 20 donors positive for HBV DNA, 12 were anti-HBc and anti-HBs reactive and eight have the anti-HBc as the only marker of HBV. Among the 20 donors with PCR positive, 5 were anti-Delta reactive; these 3 were isolated anti-HBc and 2 were anti-HBc/anti-HBs reactive. Among the 5 donors anti-Delta reactive, a showed VHD RNA.