Metabolismo secundário de fungos Endofíticos associados às plantas strychnos cf. toxifera (loganiaceae) e mauritia flexuosa (arecaceae).

Abstract

Endophytic fungi are a promising source of bioactive molecules that may be used in the treatment of diseases, it is estimated that only 16% of species known, and which are known only 5% of all species in the world. In this work we isolated 58 strains of endophytic fungi from the hosts Strychnos cf. toxifera and Mauritia flexuosa, of which 35 strains are from the genus Penicillium, all were grown on a small scale and their extracts tested for their anticancer activity front the lines HCT-8, HL-60, MB-435 and SF-295, besides being tested for their antioxidant and antiacetilcolinesterase activities. We selected three strains (two from Penicillium and one of Gliocladium) of its active extracts were isolated 15 substances, the alkaloids glandicolin B, cyclo-(glycyl-L-tyrosyl) 4,4-dimethylallyl ether and the phenolic compound α-naphthol showed antimicrobial activity against several strains of pathogenic bacteria, the latter being first reported as a natural product. The phytochemical study of the roots from Mauritia flexuosa gave 10, including the provisory new compound 3-epi-20,21-diidroxithurberogenin. Flavonoids were isolated and attributed as being responsible for the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of M. flexuosa. Cultivated strains of Penicillium were selected from 23 different EtOAc extracts had their chemical profiles compared by direct insertion into the mass spectrometer, a few selected ions were subjected to MS / MS experiments , was proposed the presence of the anthraquinone questinol and the macrocycle brefeldin A, the data were compared with those obtained from the host Strychnos cf. toxifera, and the strain STSP C2.3/1-2c that showed a profile very similar to that of their host, the data were statistically treated by five different methods of multivariate analysis (Average of the Links, Link Complete, Simple Connection, and Centroid Ward), they all discussed.