Cultivo do Gastrópode Pomacea amazonica (Reeve, 1856)

Abstract

The gastropods cultivation is present in several regions of the world. The Ampullariidae family has the largest freshwater snails serve as food, pets and generate income through economic activities. This study determined the growth, weight gain and survival of juvenile Pomacea amazonica (Reeve, 1856) with different diets, and feeding frequencies storage densities. Adults gastropods were collected between March and June 2015 in the town of Itacoatiara, AM, Brazil. After hatching, the juveniles were distributed into tanks containing 4 L of water and aeration system. In the experiment with different diets, the juveniles were fed four types: Fish food with 34% crude protein, fish meat Prochilodus brevis Steindachner, 1875, macrophyte Pistia stratiotes L. and grass Echinochloa polystachya (Kunth) Hitch with 10% of the weight of biomass per day provided. In the experiment food frequency, juveniles were fed with Fish food mentioned above to the equivalent of 10% of biomass/day, divided into one, two, three and four times throughout the day. For both experiments were made triplicate treatments and biometrics every 10 days gaging the size and weight of juveniles. In the density experiment triplicates were performed for each treatment and collected every 15 days. Juveniles were fed as the previous experiment and distributed in three densities: 1) 2.5 animals/L; 2) 5 animals/L and 10 animals/L. The diet that stood out was the basis of feed for fish being more efficient for all parameters for the culture of juvenile P. amazonica with significantly higher earnings to growth (F=945.0751; DF=3; P<0.0001), weight gain (H=101.1429; DF=3; P<0.0001), biomass gain (H=107.206; DF=3; P<0.0001), specific growth rate (F=954.7999; DF=3; P<0.0001), total weight gain (H=101.1429; DF=3; P<0.0001) and weight gain in percentage (H=101.1429; DF=3; P<0.0001) compared to other treatments after forty days of experiment. juvenile P. amazonica subjected the food frequencies significantly the length of the shell (F=267.6275; DF=3; P<0.0001). Gastropods fed three four times a day achieved significant gains for weight gain (H=98.3327; DF=3; P<0.0001), biomass gain (H=99.71289; DF=3. P<0.0001), specific growth rate (F=272.704; DF=3; P<0.0001), total weight gain (H=98.3327; DF=3; P<0.0001) and weight gain percentage (H=98.3327; DF=3; P<0.0001) when compared with those fed once or twice per day. The density that stood out was 2.5 animals/L being most effective for the growth parameters (F=219.9366; DF=2; P<0.0001), weight gain (H=67.6807; DF=2; P<0.0001), specific growth rate (F=179.8956; DF=2; P<0.0001), total weight gain (H=67.6807; DF=2; P<0.0001) and weight gain in percentage (H=67.6807; DF=2; P<0.0001) compared to other treatments after 225 days of the experiment. Thus for future crops species must use feed for fish food at least three times a day and animals densities of 2.5/L for higher gains in cultivation.