Influência de um modelo de periodização não linear nas componentes da força muscular, capacidade funcional e qualidade de vida de idosas

Abstract

The changes resulting from aging lead to impairment of the neuromuscular system, progressively affecting muscle strength, functional capacity and quality of life. In order to reduce these losses, strength training (ST) is a widely used method in the elderly population to mitigate the effects of aging. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a nonlinear periodization model on the components of muscle strength, functional capacity and quality of life of elderly women. Thus, the study was characterized as quantitative, applied, quasi-experimental and blind-controlled. Subjects were tested before the intervention and after a 12-week intervention period for the following measures: Body composition assessment by air displacement plestimography (PDA) for characterization; 10-RM Muscular Endurance Test in squats and deadlifts; Localized Muscular Resistance Test (RML) by the measure stand and sit in 30s; Isokinetic Dynamometer Muscle Strength Test for knee joint at 60º / s and 120º / s in CON / COM relations; Functional Ability Test - up and down stairs and Time up Go (TUG); Quality of Life Assessment by Medical Outcomes Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). All comparisons were made by a mixed-model analysis for repeated measures (time x group) with Bonferroni post-hoc (p <0.05). After the intervention, significant differences were observed when comparing the experimental group with the control group, showing improvement for the 10-RM squat (p <0.001), deadlift (p <0.001), and RML (p < 0.001), the evaluated subjects also showed significant improvements in the post-training period for the measurements of muscle strength in the values of PT Extensor at 60º / s and 120º / s (p <0.001; p <0.001) and PT Flexor at 60º / s and 120º / s. s (p = 0.007; p = 0.006), respectively, a similar result was observed for measures of functional capacity, including: Climbing stairs (p = 0.004), descending stairs (p = 0.015) and TUG (p <0.001), In Regarding the assessment of quality of life, significant improvements were shown for the social and emotional domain scores (p <0.001; p = 0.005). In conclusion, the nonlinear periodization model was effective in the development of maximal strength, functional capacity, peak flexor and knee extensor torque and quality of life of elderly women.