Composição química e avaliação da atividade antimalárica de Cipó-tuíra [Bonamia ferruginea (Choisy) Hallier f)]

Abstract

Bonamia ferruginea (Choisy) Hallier f., popularly known as cipó-tuíra is a small liana that has velvety, brown-colored leaves and stems. It is used by the Amazonian people in the treatment of malaria. In vitro antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum was evaluated for extracts that were prepared by infusion and decoction of stem and leaf, and soxhlet extraction using chloroform, methanol and water as solvents. The methanol and aqueous leaf extracts were tested against Plasmodium berghei in vivo in mice. All extracts were inactive in vitro and in vivo. This work was performed to study the chemical composition of B. ferruginea. We opted for the chromatographic fractionation of the chloroform extract, although it was not considered active (40.6%) inhibition at 50 μg mL-1) against P. falciparum in the in vitro test. From the hexane extract of the stem of B. ferruginea the triterpenes lupeol, friedelin and glutinol were isolated. The chloroform extract of the stem provided the coumarins scopoletin and isofraxidin. A hemiterpene, 2-methyl-1,2,3,4-butanetetrol, was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the stem of B. ferriginea. The characterization of the isolated compounds was performed by spectroscopic techniques such as MS and one and two dimensional NMR, and comparison with literature data.