Candidaturas indígenas: processo eleitoral amazonense e colonialidade do poder

Abstract

In this research, the Brazilian electoral process was investigated, more specifically in the state of Amazonas, it contemplated indigenous representations, as well as allow possible the projection of candidacies of these peoples. Therefore, we describe the historical colonial process in Latin America and the respective invisibility of native peoples in the post-colonial period were described. We study the Plurinational State and the new Latin American constitutionalism, substantiated by the decolonial theory. When describing the colonial process and the various instruments of invisibility of indigenous peoples, the method used was historical records documents, and the other analyses, by deductive one. In addition to the bibliographic instrumental procedure, the documentary was used, through the analysis of statistical data of indigenous candidacies related to the 2014 to 2020 elections, extracted from the data portal of the Superior Electoral Court. Besides the use of “classical” bibliographies, thinkers, authors and indigenous leaders were approached in this research. The study is structured in three topics. At first, the way of colonization of indigenous peoples in Latin America is discussed, highlighting the State of Amazonas, and the process of invisibility of these peoples during and after this process. In the second topic, a brief approach was carried out on the concept of democracy and political representation. In this same session, we describe decolonial thinking and the New Latin American Constitutionalism. In the third topic, the projections of indigenous candidacies in the Amazonian elections from 2014 to 2020 and were evaluated the new form of resistance of indigenous peoples with a view to filling spaces of power in the institutionalized state.