Da linguagem à psicanálise: uma análise das condições críticas do sujeito em vulnerabilidade social

Abstract

The present dissertation, carried out during the COVID-19 Pandemic (BRASIL, 2020), is the result of the analysis of the subject's critical conditions in social vulnerability. We analyze how language based on Pêcheux (1988; 1997), Orlandi (1999; 2006), Foucault (1996; 2001; 2012); and psychoanalysis from the Freudian (1980; 1996; 1996) and Lacanian (1979; 2005; 2012) perspectives contribute to the analysis of vulnerability conditions. We understand that the social field (ROSA et al., 2017) in which the subjects are inserted updates their situation of vulnerability and their reproduction conditions. The research methodology used to understand our object was of a qualitative, bibliographical nature (GERHARDT; SILVEIRA, 2009), based on the analysis of paraphrases and discourse modals (SOUZA, 2021), the case study and the preparation of a semi-structured interview (GERHARDT; SILVEIRA, 2009). Based on the discourse analysis of the family representative, Mrs. S, the concept-analysis a posteriori “Policy of Suffering”, and we also understand that the discourse that shelters the referred concept is liberalism (SOUZA, 2021). We understand the social ties that establish situations of subject vulnerability (ROSA et al., 2017); and we investigated the sociopolitical dimension of suffering (SAFATLE, 2021) that triggers and enhances the situation of vulnerability. This meant saying that this suffering is a product of public management, corroborated by the updating of social conditions by government institutions. We perceive the need to recompose the discursive place (PÊCHEUX, 1988) of families in situation of social vulnerability, reconstitute their sociodiscursive ties with the purpose of breaking ideological subjection to recover their lost and devalued stories (PÊCHEUX, 1988). Creating a minimal field of signifiers that allow them to circulate in the field of the Other seems like a possible way out (ROSA et al., 2017). In four chapters, the theoretical bases of French Discourse Analysis and Psychoanalysis was developed to expand the studies of language and social assistance policies.