Estudo da composição química e atividade biológica da geoprópolis de Melipona interrupta e Melipona seminigra

Abstract

The bee species of Melipona genre are stingless bees found in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The bees produce a resinous material, known as geopropolis. Altogether, the geopropolis has medical use as antiseptic, anti inflammatory agent, it also shows antimicrobian, antioxidant, immunomodulatory property, among others. To the geopropolis of the Melipona interrupta Latreille, 1811, and Melipona seminigra Friese, 1903 (Apidae, Meliponini) species, natives from Amazonia region, there is no studies about the chemical composition and neither of biological activity. The name Melipona interrupta is the synonymous of Melipona compressipes. In this assignment was executed the study of M. interrupta geoprópolis chemical composition of two sampled specimens in different places of Manaus. From the methanolic extract of M. interrupta specie collected in Manaus (GPA-INPA) were isolated the following flavonoids: glycosylated naringenin, aromadendrin and naringenin. From methanolic extract of the same collected specie on Ramal do Brasileirinho (road) in Manaus, were isolated the glycosylated myricetin and again glycosylated naringenin substances. The analyses by CG-MS of four hexane fractions of two bee species presented eight triterpenic substances. The antimicrobian activity analysis of fractions and extracts of several M. Interrupta and M. seminigra species had satisfactory results against the following bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase enzymatic essay showed the great inhibitory potential that the extracts of the two bee species presented. The larvicida activity of the fractions and extracts of theses specimens against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus also had satisfactory results. This chemical and biological assignment contributed to the study of these two stingless bee species, whereas, there are no studies in literature about species collected in Amazonia region.