Soroprevalência do vírus Mayaro em Manaus e em Coari

Abstract

Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an arbovirus belonging to the family Togaviridae, genus alfavírus, considered to be emerging from the Amazon rainforest. It is transmitted by the mosquito Haemagogus janthinomys and causes Mayaro fever, an acute febrile infectious disease, whose main symptoms are: fever ˃38oC lasting 4 to 5 days, headache, rash, myalgia and arthralgia; in some individuals arthralgia may persist for at least six months or more, presenting symptoms similar to arthritis. The aim of this study is to describe the seroprevalence of the MAYV in the populations of the municipalities of Manaus and Coari, located in the state of Amazonas, and to identify the possible risk factors associated with the MAYV infection. Blood samples from individuals were collected from October 2014 to May 2016, and questionnaires containing socio-demographic and economic information were analyzed to investigate the causes involved in viral circulation. IgG antibodies were detected by indirect enzyme immunoassay, and positive samples were confirmed by Microneutralization test. The total of 900 samples, distributed by Manaus (n = 449) and Coari (n = 451), were tested. An overall prevalence of 36% (324 seropositives) and a relative prevalence of 14% in Manaus; and 57.8% in Coari was found. The prevalence found was higher compared to previous studies in Amazonas. The most relevant seroepidemiological findings associated with MAYV infection are related to the municipality, male gender, low socioeconomic level, occupation (agricultural and livestock), health problems and non-preventive measures. The data observed in this study were relevant and will contribute to a better understanding of the distribution and circulation of the Mayaro virus in the Amazon region.