Risco de desenvolvimento de dor em adolescentes com suspeita de escoliose

Abstract

Introduction: Scoliosis is understood as a severe alteration of posture, represented by the deformity of segments of the spine, resulting in lateral inclination to the anterior plane of the body axis, which may or may not be associated with rotation of vertebrae in the sagittal and axial planes, causing a three-dimensional deformity. Studies show that individuals with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis have a higher prevalence of spinal problems as adults, with consequent pain and disability. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective, cross-sectional and observational study. The study sample was composed of students from the municipal and state school system of both sexes between 10 and 18 years old, the evaluations took place in municipal and state schools in the municipality of Coari. An analog scoliometer and ADAMS test were used to evaluate the spine, and to assess the risk of developing chronic back pain, an analog scoliometer was used the STarT (Subgroups Target Treatment) Back Screening Tool was used. Results: The sample included 652 volunteers, 322 females (49.3%) and 330 males (50.6%), 122 cases out of 652, the mean Startback score of patients with suspected scoliosis was 1.83 and 2.17 no suspicion, with a P value of 0.02 less than 0.05. The distribution according to the psychosocial scale of Startback. with suspicion was 0.97 while without suspicion was 1.13. The classification according to the Startback Screening Tool for the risk of developing chronic pain, among the volunteers evaluated, 34 students were at high risk, 509 at low risk and 109 students at medium risk, while the Startback classification was classified as high, low and medium risk for developing pain according to the suspicion of scoliosis. Only 7 suspected cases were at high risk for developing pain, as opposed to 27 high-risk cases without suspicion. The thoracolumbar region presented both the highest rotation value (30°) and the highest mean 6.68 and the highest standard deviation 4.2. When comparing at each level of the column whether there was a difference between the ARTs of each risk classification, there was no significant difference between the risk levels (p= 0.30). Conclusion: Most cases with suspected scoliosis had a low risk of developing chronic back pain.