Alterações físicas e químicas na agricultura itinerante da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (RDS) do Juma

Abstract

The vast majority of family farming establishments in the Amazon region make use of the Itinerant Agriculture (IA), which is basically the use of an area, managed to cutting and burning of biomass, for a period of one or two years, followed by several years fallow. The communities included in the perimeter SDR of Juma make these techniques, considering that the form of production of riparian that populate the conservation Unit (CU) of the State of Amazonas is important for the conservation of these, prevent the growth of deforested areas already used for agriculture and increase agricultural productivity of this population is a real challenge, given the decline in production of these producers due to the applied management. Bear in mind this problem, this study aimed to study changes in soil due to the Itinerant Agriculture in the Juma Reserve located in the Novo Aripuanã-AM municipality. Collection was carried out in four areas, and the natural forest was used as a control and with two areas, six and ten years of fallow and physical and chemical analyzes were made of the soil. As main results, the study showed that shifting cultivation did not cause physical degradation, since the physical attributes were within the healthy range. However, adversely affect the chemical quality, evidenced by low nutrient availability. The various cycles of cultivation without replenishing the nutrients along with the use of fire in land management, caused the depletion of the chemical, which is a determining factor for the opening of new areas.