Campesinato e meliponicultura no município de Itapiranga - Médio Amazonas/AM

Abstract

The present research had as main objective to understand the production and reproduction of the way of life of the caboclo / producer from the activity of stingless bees in the middle Amazonas, in the municipality of Itapiranga / AM. As a geographic cut, the research in two communities was deepened, in the land of várzea the Community of Paraguay, and on the mainland the Community of San José da Enseada, both located in rural areas of the municipality. This study aimed to know the context of formation of the municipality of Itapiranga-AM, in what form was the caboclo society and the motivations that were decisive for the occupation and contributed to the permanence of the social subjects in the locality of Pedras, that later with the population density would receive the status of municipality. Understand the forms of production and reproduction that the peasant-riverine practices in his family unit, in which he has as a primary basis to meet the basic needs of his family, being an ambivalent being, since it deals with an exogenous force, in which it is understood as a contradiction of capital, because in reproducing also produces non-capitalist forms of production, the accumulation of capital is not sought in its practices. To describe their inner way of life and the dynamics they possess in the socio-spatial organization of the environment in which they live, through territoriality, parties, music, and their ways of dealing with the earth, involving their internal dynamics of collective and individual use of the arrangement of production, since they are realities that complement each other in the flood and drought of the rivers. It sought to understand how the introduction of honey production in the State of Amazonas and also in the municipality of Itapiranga-AM was historically constituted, since the peasant-riverine adopts strategies of survival and permanence in the field, to maintain their way of life. Adopting the management of the activity of stingless bees (creation of indigenous bees without sting), aiming to compose their family income, through the Association of Honey Promoters of the State of Amazonas, which proposed the insertion of this activity to the peasants and was well accepted. The description of the commercialization network and honey production structure of the terra firme and várzea communities present with the peasant production in the Amazonian environment. Therefore, the research demonstrates the resistance of the peasants to maintain their way of life and autonomy, without the invasive interference of capitalism, and that seeks strategies that do not modify their practices with land and water to perpetuate their social reproduction.