Análise molecular das infecções por vírus Epstein-Barr e Parvovírus B19 em pacientes com neoplasias de tireoide no estado do Amazonas

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent endocrine neoplasm in the world, which reinforces the need to study the multiple etiopathogenic factors related to the development of these neoplasms, such as oncogenic viruses. Among different possible infectious agents, viral infection by the Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and Parvovirus B19 (B19) appear as possible risk factors for well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the presence of EBV and B19 viral infection in thyroid tissue fragments surgically obtained at the Fundação Centro de Controle de Oncologia do Amazonas (FCECON). METHOD: Observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study of analysis of surgical specimens from patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer in search of the presence of EBV and B19 viruses by the real-time PCR technique. The study was approved by the FCECON research ethics committee with CAAE 44800421.9.0000.0004 and opinion number 4.696.238. RESULTS: 163 participants were included in the study. 145 women (88.96%) with mean age of 45.15 years and 18 men (11.04%) with mean age of 46.39 years. 82.21% do not have a history of smoking and 73.01% deny a history of alcoholism. No patient had previous radiation exposure in the head and neck region. Of 163 participants, 128 consider themselves brown, 18 white, 14 black and 3 native american. In the past pathological history (PPH), most of the individuals included in the research were healthy (144) and 42 indicated having systemic arterial hypertension. As for the histological type, of the 163 specimens included in the research, 133 are papillary carcinoma, 12 are follicular carcinoma, 3 are anaplastic carcinoma, 1 is medullary carcinoma and 14 are folicular adenoma. Of all the samples, 24 had DNA confirmed for EBV and 44 for B19. When performing the Person chi-square test to correlate viral presence and histological type, no significant association was detected (EBV P-value = 0.6134 and B19 P-value = 0.691). CONCLUSION: The current literature and the present study conclude that thyroid cancer is more common in women around 46 years of age, with papillary thyroid carcinoma being the most common and indolent histological type. There is no positive association with histological type and presence of viral DNA for EBV and B19 in surgical specimens from patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer in the state of Amazonas – Brazil.