Crescimento e acúmulo de nutrientes em Pimenteira-de-cheiro (Capsicum chinense Jacquin) cv. Lupita, em Manaus, AM

Abstract

The species Capsicum chinense has a variety of different morphotypes of plants, of which pepper is found, the fruits of which are much appreciated both in cooking and for industrial purposes, but little is known about the nutritional characteristics of this species. The objective of this study was to determine the phenophases, growth and accumulation of nutrients by peppermint (Capsicum chinense Jacquin) cv. Lupita in greenhouse. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a 14 x 5 factorial scheme, as dependent variables of 14 evaluation periods (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 84, 98, 112, 126, 140, 154, 175 and 200 days after emergence), and five plant parts (root, stem, leaf, flower and fruit) with eight replicates. All plants received the same dosages of nutrients. The morphological characteristics of the plant were evaluated in each period, besides the height, collection diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf area, fruit production, morphological characteristics and nutrient content in each part of the plant. The plants grew logistically with higher growth values in the last evaluation periods. Peppercorn has a higher growth rate between 60 and 112 days after emergence. Fruit yield reached 8,897.5 g plant 1. Relative growth and net assimilation rates had their highest values at 20 and 40 days after emergence. The plants had increasing increments of nutrients, with higher accumulation values found for nitrogen and potassium among the macronutrients, and iron and zinc among micronutrients. Among the parts of the plant, the greatest accumulations of nutrients occurred in the fruits. The growth and accumulation of nutrients in the pepper is highly related to the time of cultivation of the plant, mainly to the productive phenological period, where there is a greater accumulation of nutrients in relation to the other phenophases. The preferred series of nutrient accumulation was N> K> Ca> P> S> Mg> Fe> Zn> Mn> B> Cu at the end of the experiment. Sigmoid-shaped equations are best suited for describing the growth of peppermint, and the sigmoid equation better describes the accumulation of nutrients in the plant.