Propagação vegetativa de Piper hispidum Sw. e Piper tuberculatum Jacq. em função de diferentes substratos e tipos de estacas

Abstract

The species Piper tuberculatum Jacq. and Piper hispidum Sw belong to the Piperaceae family with medicinal importance and essential oil production. Currently the increment of phytochemical studies of these species has increased, with the search for compounds for biotechnological use. However, because it is no species domestication process are at the mercy of environmental pressures. Therefore require studies on propagation and cultivation techniques to increase plantings. This work aimed to evaluate the propagation through cuttings Piper hispidum and Piper tuberculatum depending on the type of substrate and type of stake in Manaus, AM. The experiment was conducted by the Division of Medicinal Plants (Embrapa Western Amazon).The design was completely randomized factorial 3 x 5, with three replications of 12 cuttings with types of piles: 1 = apical, median = 2 and 3 = basal and substrates: sand washed 1 =, 2 = commercial substrate 3 = Oxisol + poultry manure - 4:1 v / v, 4 = Oxisol + bark guarana - 1:2 v / v = 5 coconut fiber.The cuttings were conducted on five types of substrates in polystyrene trays with 72 cells. Survival (%), rooting (%), number of shoots, length of sprouting (cm), number of leaves, length of roots: After 70 days (Piper tuberculatum) and 60 days (Piper hispidum) the following characteristics were evaluated (cm), root dry weight (g) and dry weight of shoots (g). The results obtained were subjected to analysis of variance by F test at 5% probability for the substrates, types of cuttings and interaction for the mean Tukey test at 5% probability was performed.Piper tuberculatum plagiotrópica the apical cuttings with two leaves proved to be the best way to propagate vegetatively. The combination of apical cuttings with the substrate Oxisol + poultry manure promoted further development of cuttings. Piper hispidum we recommend using apical and basal cuttings in order. The washed sand substrates and commercial substrate are indicated for higher percentages of survival and rooting. However, for this species substrates Oxisol + poultry manure and / or Oxisoil + guarana bark were most appropriate when the goal is quality stakes.