Óleo de resíduo de pescado na alimentação de juvenis de tambaqui: desempenho zootécnico, hematologia e viabilidade econômica

Abstract

Aquaculture is in continuous growth and there is a forecast of increased demand for aquaculture products for the next decades. Along with the expansion of fish production, there is the generation of a large volume of waste. These aquaculture residues have a high biological value and can be processed into new products, with potential for use in diets for animals of zootechnical interest. This thesis aimed to evaluate the viability of fish residue oil as a new feed ingredient that adds value to the production chain of this species. Chapter I presents a literature review on the panorama of fish production and aquaculture, contextualization of the use of fish waste and its applications as an ingredient in animal feed. In chapter II, the objective was to test diets with different levels of replacement of soybean oil by fish residue oil to determine the performance, physiological aspects and economic viability of replacing soybean oil with fish residue oil in diets for juvenile tambaqui Colossoma macropomum. In the productive performance parameters evaluated in this study, no significant differences were observed between treatments (p>0.05). In terms of hematological parameters, tambaqui juveniles did not show alterations influenced by diet, with the exception of erythrocyte counts, which showed significant differences (P˂0.05), whereas in serum biochemical parameters, significant differences were observed (p˂0.05 ) for all parameters, with emphasis on cholesterol. In the centesimal composition of the fish, significant differences (p˂0.05) for crude protein and ether extract were observed for the increase in the levels of replacement of soybean oil by oil from fish residue. The replacement of soybean oil by fish residue oil did not significantly affect the economic viability of the proposed productive activity. Soybean oil for fish residue oil can be used in up to 60% of the formulation of diets for tambaqui juveniles, without causing damage to zootechnical performance, health and economic viability.