Infecção experimental com oocistos esporulados de eimeria maxima (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) em frangos de corte

Abstract

The poultry industry is an important economic activity in many countries. In large-scale installations of creation, which birds are exposed to stressors, problems related to diseases and deteriorating environmental conditions often occur and result in serious economic losses. Despite being a relatively old disease, coccidiosis is still one of the main diseases causing economic losses in broilers and breeders. This study aims to evaluate the metabolic and pathological changes in broilers experimentally infected with oocysts of Eimeria maxima. The research was conducted at the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), located in the municipality of Araguaína - TO, being performed the experimental protocol and analysis husbandry, in the Histology Laboratory of the Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM ) in Manaus-AM, where I made the preparation and analysis of histological slides, and the Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the Regional Hospital of Coari, from Coari - AM, where biochemical analyzes were performed. To perform the experiment, we used 150 broiler strain cooB males, with ten days of age were randomized according to weight and randomly assigned to two experimental groups: control group was inoculated with 0.5 ml of distilled water; infected group inoculated with 0.5 ml of solution containing 5x104 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria maxima. The live performance was evaluated at 0 (day of inoculation), 5 °, 10 °, 15 °, 25 ° and 35 ° dpi, being slaughtered by cervical dislocation, fifteen birds / group. The first clinical signs were noticeable on the 5th dpi, where the birds showed apathy followed by fetid diarrhea, mucoid, ruffled feathers and lower weight gain compared with the control group of birds. At the end of the experiment the control group produced 28.839 kg of meat infected group and 28.053 kg of meat of chickens used in the study. Although the sum in beef production was higher in the control group The weight of the heart and gizzard of the experimental animals showed no significant difference, because the liver had difference on day 5 °, 15 ° and 35 ° dpi. As for hematócrit experimental chickens showed no significant difference (p> 0.05) from baseline to the end of the experiment, 5 ° - 35 ° dpi. Protein levels remained significant (p <0.05) on all days of collection. The pathologic evaluation showed congested mucosa and presence of large amounts of mucus at 6 dpi. Therefore, it is concluded that the dose of 5x103 E. Maximum inoculated in the experimental group was enough to cause harm to the animal organism.