Avaliação do controle do mosquito Aedes aegytpi (Linnaeus) utilizando cultivo misto entre fungos endofíticos amazônicos e antárticos

Abstract

Aedes aegypti represents a threat to public health worldwide as it transmits arboviruses such as yellow fever, chikungunya, Zika and dengue. The fight against this arthropod through synthetic pesticides has generated resistance and, consequently, reduced efficiency, so that new means of controlling this transmitting agent are needed. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate a larvicidal activity against 3rd stage larvae of Ae. aegypti from extracts of 21 Amazonian endophytic fungi of the genera Colletotrichum, Diaporthe, Guignardia, Phomopsis and Xylaria and from the Antarctic endophytic fungi Arthrinium sp. and Epicoccum dendrobii and, later, to evaluate the influence of co-culture between Amazonian and Antarctic fungi on bioactivity. The fungi were cultivated in liquid boletus medium in isolation to obtain the extracts, which were informed to larvicidal bioassays. Subsequently, the mixed cultivation of the Amazon fungi Colletotrichum siamene (FFT03) and Guinardia sp. (FAT06) with the Antarctic fungi Arthrinium sp. (ARTH) and Epicoccum dendrobii (DEND). The harmful results that extracts from the fungi Phomopsis sp. (PH), Phomopsis sp. (CAT12), Diaporthe sp. (FFT15), Guignardia sp. (FAT06), Colletotrichum siamense (FFT03) forms active in larvicidal bioassays. It was also observed that the FFT03 and FAT06 extracts had their activities reduced when co-cultivated with Antarctic fungi. Probably, a fungal interaction in the mixed culture resulted in the silencing of biosynthetic gene clusters or in the biotransformation process of metabolites, among which were possibly those with larvicidal action, which reflected in the requested results. With the dereplication of FFT03 and FAT06 extracts by network, the structural similarity of the metabolites present in the extracts was attributed to compounds present in the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) database, which were: cytochalasin, coumarin, meroterpenoid and diketopiperazine. Finally, the larvicidal potential of Amazonian endophytic fungi, which can be an alternative means of combating Ae. aegypti.