Avaliação da influência de diferentes tipos de solos no crescimento de plantas de Solanum sessiliflorum a partir de análises fisiológicas

Abstract

With approximately seven billion people on the planet and the prospect of reaching 10 billion by 2050. Thus, food security is a challenge for the next few years, especially given that around two billion people suffer from nutritional deficiencies. Compelling evidence has been shown that exploiting genetic diversity in which use of wild species related to widely cultivated commercial species can be utilized for the human diet. In this context, Solanum sessiliflorum, a species domesticated by Amazonian indigenous peoples, with high nutritional value in its fruits, can partially help to solve food production, at least regionally. Therefore, promoting ecophysiology studies should shed light on the life cycle, productivity and biophysical interactions with the Solanum sessiliflorum environment. That said, plant-soil interaction is one of the most influential effects on plant growth. Due to the geological characteristics and extension of the Amazon region, it presents a wide variety of contrasting soils. Therefore, this work aimed to investigate the influence of different types of Amazonian soils on the growth of Solanum sessiliflorum plants. For this purpose, Solanum sessiliflorum plants were grown in six different types of soils and evaluated after 15 and 30 days in the respective soils. At this time, soil, biometric and physiological analyzes were carried out. In general, it was found that plants grown in TPA had the best growth and physiological parameters, while gleissol showed less growth and apparently the least suitable soil for the growth of Solanum sessiliflorum. Taken together with photosynthetic and respiration data, it is likely that increased growth of Solanum sessiliflorum in soils that promote higher respiratory rates is related to growth respiration where the respiratory process provides biochemical intermediaries to support biosynthetic processes. With respect to foliar nutrients, differential nutrient accumulation is often accompanied by soil availability. However, in some cases, nutrients such as Boron are accumulated in flat leaves grown in gleissole even when this element is found in similar amounts in other types of soil. The results presented here are the first plant-soil interaction assays and ecophysiology studies. Furthermore, in future projects, these findings will provide the scientific basis to improve the growth of this culture (cubiu) in Amazonas.