O nadar infantil: ensino aprendizagem e treinamento em escolas de natação do município de Parintins-AM

Abstract

Swimming can be defined as a way of sustaining oneself in water, using the body's own resources, where it is necessary for the individual to adapt to the environment, establishing a safe relationship between the body and the water. Traditionally, for the elderly, adults, young people and children, it is common to start swimming with the individual's adaptation to the liquid environment, until the person feels safe to begin practicing the four swimming styles. The objective of the present study is to analyze the methods used by teachers in teaching swimming to children in the city of Parintins-AM. This is a field research, with a qualitative approach in an exploratory and descriptive way, whose sample is swimming teachers who teach classes for children of both sexes, aged between four and 12 years old. Data collection was carried out in institutions that offer swimming classes in the city of Parintins-AM. The inclusion criterion was: Having a degree in physical education. And the exclusion criterion was: having less than 4 hours of swimming lessons, with groups of children, per week. The instruments used for data collection were: questionnaire and field diary. Data collection was carried out in four stages, namely: 1) Request for consent from swimming schools; 2) Request for authorization from teachers; 3) Observations and field diary recording of four classes per teacher; 4) Application of the questionnaire. The observations revealed the predominant use of a traditional teaching method, with the presence of many activities with educational exercises, organization of content into analytical tasks, ranging from the simplest to the most complex. However, as it is an age group that needs more playfulness, the presence of games was also found, despite being fewer than educational ones. Therefore, we conclude that there is a need to think about swimming beyond the 4 swimming styles, seek new approaches in teaching, prioritize children's experiences, aiming for motor diversification, not just the style techniques.